Enhanced Shutter Control For Image Insertion In A Stereo Microscope

ABSTRACT

The invention relates to a stereo microscope, which as a microscope used for operations comprises a viewing output for a surgeon ( 41 ) and at least one additional viewing output for an assistant ( 40 ). The stereo microscope is characterized by shutters ( 17   a  to  20   b ) for selectively screening off object information.

The invention relates to shutter control for the integration of additional data into an observation beam path or a plurality of observation beam paths of a stereo microscope, for selectively switching off an undesired observation channel.

In modern surgical microscopes, it is customary to insert additional information into one of the two intermediate images. This additional information is either superimposed directly on the optical object image (e.g., correlated data, CT, MRI-contours) or displayed without reference to the optical object image (non-correlated image data, standard sections, etc.), by stopping the relevant object beam or by superimposing it in a limited subregion (monitoring curves, menus, etc.).

In the case of fading out the object beam, a shutter is moved into the object beam path between the object and the beam splitter which inserts the additional information, so that only the additionally inserted information can be seen. In case a number of users are to be permitted to observe the additional information by utilizing the further course of the beam, the merge of the beamsls created by the first beam splitter (such as e.g. 11 b in FIG. 1).

For further explanation see the Figures, whereas the FIGS. 1-4 contain schematic illustrations of various shutter positions. FIGS. 5-7 illustrate the known positioning variants of the surgeon and the assistant with respect to the patient being observed.

In FIG. 1, a display 16 projects an image provided with additional information along the common input reflection beam path 3 for the additional information and into the right-hand beam path 2 b by means of a lens 15 and a switchable or movable deflection prism 14 (which may be switched for projection into the left-hand beam path 2 a or the right-hand beam path 2 b). By means of the input reflection beam splitter 11 b, this additional information may be superimposed on the image of the object 1 supplied to the optional image sensor 13 b and other observation beam paths).

In surgical microscopes, a distinction is to be drawn in principle with regard to their functions between three different types of observers;

-   1) A surgeon, who almost exclusively uses the observation outputs 21     a and 21 b stereoscopically, generally decides as to the type and     time of the input reflection of the additional information; -   2a) An assistant almost exclusively uses either the right-hand     observation output 20 b (as in FIG. 6) or the left-hand observation     beam path 20 a (as in FIG. 7) monoscopically, when he/she is     standing at right angles to the surgeon 41 and the microscope (such     as in craniotomy) or -   2b) the assistant 40 uses the observation beam path 20 a and 20 b is     used stereoscopically when the assistant 40 stands opposite the     surgeon 41 and behind the microscope, as illustrated in FIG. 5 (such     as in spinal operations). -   3) An observer group, that is beside the microscope, is intended to     see substantially that information on a monitor which the surgeon 41     sees.

In the “observer”-case 1 based the additional information in a single image channel, in particular in the case of data substitution by the insertion of video data, for example, into this image channel, the surgeon 41 is provided with two different items of information, which may irritate him/her.

It is therefore a central object of the present invention to eliminate the aforementioned disadvantages and to allow the surgeon to switch off object information which is not desired at a certain time by using additional shutters and a appropriate shutter control.

By means of the shutters 18 a and 18 b, the observer, if desired, can concentrate on just the additional information. In FIG. 2 the additional information is switched to the right-hand beam path 2 b. Because shutter 18 b is closed, the surgeon 41 sees only the additional information with the right eye. The left eye does not see anything.

The assistant observation outputs 20 a, 20 b may likewise be switched either to the two lateral monoscopic outputs or to the rear stereoscopic output, depending on the surgical intervention.

In a cranial intervention an assistant 40 positioned on the left-hand side sees the object information monoscopically through the left-hand observation output 20 a, but does not see the additional information; an assistant 40 positioned on the right-hand side perceives only the additional information monoscopically through the right-hand observation output 20 b.

In a spinal intervention the assistant 40 perceives both items of information stereoscopically through the outputs 20 a and 20 b. He/she therefore also sees both items of information with differing content.

Particular surgeons' preferences can be stored in the controller 31 and called up for use. For example, surgeon A always likes to see both items of information at the same time (in which case the shutters 18 a and 18 b always remain open), while surgeon B only likes to see the additional information (in which case, depending on the position of the prism 14, the shutter controller 30 closes shutter 18 a or 18 b).

FIG. 3 shows the setting with inserted additional information in the left-hand beam path 2 a with shutters 17 b, 18 a, 18 b open.

FIG. 4 illustrates the arrangement of the shutters for the assistant observation outputs 20 a, 20 b. These are essentially the shutters 19 a and 19 b, one of which may be closed if an assistant 40 is positioned behind (such as in a spinal arrangement).

The invention provides at least the following advantages:

-   -   selectively switching off an object image which is temporarily         undesired or which distracts the surgeon 41;     -   providing the assistant 40 with an image of the object 1 in any         application;     -   enabling a connected camera system to always detect the object         1;     -   and automatically adapting the shutter positions depending on         the additional information.

List of Designations

-   1 Object (patient) -   2 a Object beam, left-hand beam path -   2 b Object beam, right-hand beam path -   3 Input reflection beam path for additional information -   10 Main objective -   11 a Input reflection beam splitter for left-hand beam path, video     and additional information -   11 b Input reflection beam splitter for right-hand beam path, video     and additional information -   12 a Output reflection beam splitter for left-hand beam path, first     and second observer -   12 b Output reflection beam splitter for right-hand beam path, first     and second observer -   13 a Video image sensor for left-hand beam path -   13 b Video image sensor for right-hand beam path -   14 (Switchable) deflection prism (additional information beam path) -   15 Imaging objects for (16) -   16 Display for additional information -   17 a Switchable first shutter for stopping the object light in the     left-hand beam path -   17 b Switchable first shutter for stopping the object light in the     right-hand beam path -   18 a Switchable second shutter for stopping the object light in the     left-hand beam path -   18 b Switchable second shutter for stopping the object light in the     right-hand beam path -   19 a Switchable third shutter for stopping the object light in the     left-hand assistant beam path -   19 b Switchable third shutter for stopping the object light in the     right-hand assistant beam path -   20 a Secondary observation output (assistant output) for monocular     observer (40), left -   20 b Secondary observation output (assistant output) for monocular     observer (40), right -   21 a Main observation output for stereo observation for (41),     left-hand beam path -   21 b Main observation output for stereo observation for (41),     right-hand beam path -   30 Shutter controller (for detecting the position or setting and/or     for controlling the shutters) -   31 Controller for data-type information with memory and user setup -   32 Control and sensors of the rotation prisms (for detecting the     position or setting and/or for controlling the prisms) -   40 Assistant -   41 Surgeon -   42 Patient -   45 Lens holder 

1. A stereo microscope comprising at least one switchable shutter for switching off the object information located in front of the beam splitter for fading-in the additional information, and at least one second switchable shutter located in front of the surgeons ocular.
 2. A stereo microscope comprising at least one switchable shutter for switching off the object information located in front of a beam splitter for fading-in and at least one second switchable shutter located in front of the surgeons and the assistants oculars.
 3. A stereomicroscope as in claim 1 with a control device which is configured to open and close at least one of the switchable shutters on the basis of operator-specific or application-specific instructions.
 4. A stereomicroscope as in claim 3 with a control device which detects the actual position of the faded-in additional information and to accordingly sets the shutter control.
 5. A stereomicroscope as in claim 3 with a control device which detects the current rotational position of the assistant prism (aside or behind) and to accordingly sets the shutter control for the assistant located in the rear.
 6. A stereomicroscope with a switchable fading-in of additional information into the left-hand beam path, the right-hand beam path or both. 